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Washington Hawthorn

Crataegus phaenopyrum


Hardiness Zones: 4 - 8   View Map
  • Produces showy, snow white flowers borne in clusters that appear in late May or early June and last for 7–10 days
  • Features somewhat triangular leaves up to 3" long with 3–5 lobes and toothed margins; the leaves unfurl a reddish-purple color, changing to dark green in the summer and then orange, scarlet or purple in the fall
  • Yields bright red berries about ¼" in diameter that persist into the winter; because this fruit is so attractive to birds, there is little or no resulting litter
  • Develops a dense crown
  • Grows in a pyramidal or egg shape
  • Develops thorns on its branches, making it an effective barrier

Tree Details

Shape

Pyramidal

Growth Speed

Medium

Scientific Name

Crataegus phaenopyrum

Mature Height

25' - 30'

Highlights

The Washington hawthorn is a small, colorful tree that will brighten any landscape. Its pleasant display begins with reddish-purple leaves emerging in spring, then turning dark green as they are joined by a graceful display of white flowers. In autumn, the leaves turn orange, scarlet or purple. Red berries extend the colorful show into winter, often contrasting beautifully with the first winter snow.

Beyond its beauty, it also performs an important function in nature. A number of the songbirds rely on the tree’s late-season berries as a winter food source, making the Washington hawthorn a great choice for bird enthusiasts.

Sun Preference

Full Sun

Soil Preference

Acidic, Alkaline, Clay, Drought, Loamy, Moist, Sandy, Well Drained, Wet

Wildlife Value

The Washington Hawthorn produces abundant fruit which is eaten by birds and mammals throughout winter. It is an important nectar plant for bees.

History/Lore

First noted scientifically in 1883, the tree received its name from its point of origin when introduced to Pennsylvania from Washington, becoming known as the Washington thorn because of its prominent thorns.

It is said that American legend Paul Bunyan used the Washington hawthorn’s branches as a back scratcher.

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